I knew that many things were going to be different in Italy.
Most of all, I expected the food, the language (of course), and other cultural
bits here and there. School, though, is probably the most significant
difference between Italy and the United States.
The superficial disparities, such as using chalkboards as
opposed to dry-erase boards, hand-writing our essays instead of typing them,
and staying in the same classroom all day rather than moving around to your
teachers’ rooms definitely are the first aspects that get noticed. But now, over
two months into the Italian school system, I have discovered some other, more consequential
differences between Italian and American high schools. For the most part, these
fall under the categories of curriculum and teacher-student interaction – the combination
of which makes an immense difference in the level of interest and engagement of
the students.
[DISCLAIMER] Let me start off by saying that the following
comments reflect my knowledge on two high schools – namely, Summit High School
in Frisco, Colorado, USA and Liceo Scientifico Paolo Lioy in Vicenza, Veneto,
Italy. I am very much aware that there is no such thing as the “average” school
in America or in Italy. I have also heard that a school in the southern regions
of Italy is typically going to be a lot more lax on grading and procedure than
their northern counterpart, where I am. To all of you who read this and are
somehow involved in the education system (either in America or Italy): please
do not be offended. These are my observations, and I would like to make it
clear that I have no problem with the people involved in the system, but
rather, the system as a whole. If you disagree with me, please provide your
insight by commenting at the bottom of the page. [END DISCLAIMER]
If you ask me, the main problem with the Italian school
system is that teachers do not feel the need to engage the students in their
lessons, thus boring them half to death and making them lose interest in
learning. For the most part, Italian schools teach facts and expect the
students to learn and know them, as opposed to American schools where students
learn a piece of general knowledge and then go off and do their own research to
bring back to the class discussion. Memorization is a key part of Italian
curriculums, while in the United States I cannot remember the last time I was
required to learn anything by heart. At least to my perspective, this is not a
good technique. In Italy, students generally learn (and memorize) a myriad of excerpts,
dates, people, figures, formulas, and a whole bunch of other facts in order to
be able to recite them back to the teacher. On the other hand, American students
do not necessarily memorize information, but are trained to conduct research,
discuss, and analyze information that is available. Italian high-schoolers
study vigorously what is written in the book and what the teacher has said,
while their American counterparts do not take as much from teachers, but rather
formulate their own ideas and present them to the class. Even in our Italian
literature class, instead of examining the text and analyzing in on our own,
the teacher dictates her perspective while students copy down the information
to then study and recite back on the test. As Albert Einstein said, “Education
is what is left after you’ve forgotten everything you’ve learned”. It is nearly
impossible for students to remember all the facts that are studied in high
school (most of which can now be found easily with a vast array of resources),
so after forgetting all of these figures and facts, students in Italy will have
essentially gained nothing from their education. In America, on the other hand,
we write research papers (which are pretty much unheard of in Italian high
schools), present information to our classmates (also unheard of – in Italy,
only teachers teach), and are taught how to hold a respectable discussion. By
being trained in these unforgettable life skills, American students gain what
Einstein would call an “education”.
I also believe that the lack of respect given to Italian students by
the large majority of teachers comes across poorly, resulting in a further
deficiency in student interest in academics. In America, it is well-regarded to
have a pleasant debate with a teacher about most any relative topic, as this practice
enhances the knowledge of everyone involved. In Italy, though, grades are
almost entirely subjective, so if you have even the slightest disagreement with
a professor, there goes your grade for the semester. I will mention that not
all teachers are like that, but most are. It is my belief that without free
interchange of ideas, any attempt at learning is futile, for without new ideas
being formulated, there is no progress. Also, I feel that since students in the
United States can generally chose what classes they want to take, they
therefore make a greater effort and are more inclined to participate. Here,
instead, one chooses what track they will do in their first year of high
school, and take the classes laid out for them. Regarding the grades being
subjective, they also tend to be skewed downward in comparison with American
grades. They do go off of a 10 point scale, as opposed to our percentage, but
that is beside the point. For example, a “good” student in the United States
will have mainly A’s with a few B’s in the mix. Here, students rejoice upon
receipt of a 7 + which translates to roughly a 76% - a solid C and not very
characteristic of a “good student”. The mentality among students here is
generally that of striving to get la
sufficenza – or the minimum passing grade, a 6. And while grades below
about 50% are next to nonexistent in the objective American system, every now
and then, Italian students will receive the dreaded 2 or 3, despite answering
more than 70% of the questions correctly. If you ask me, this does not push the
student to try harder and study more, but rather discourages him or her (but usually
him) to have the mentality of “Why study if I get a 2 either way?”.
|
Yes, that is a chalkboard. And a cross. |
Because of these skewed grading philosophies, I usually get
asked if school is easier in the United States, and I find it hard to reply. The simplest answer is “No,
but it is easier to get a better grade.” This idea is completely
incomprehensible to most people, since they believe that school is about
getting a high grade. I try and explain that, while in Italy, students memorize
everything to get their grades, we analyze and formulate ideas. Just how I am
not well-adapted to the Italian system, I would be willing to say that the
average Italian would not be able to do that well in the American system of
essay-writing and text analysis (but would still pass the class). [I would like
to give a shout-out to Mafy here, since she seems to have embraced the American
school system, and is excelling at Summit High School.] I like to use History class as a good example
of the curricular differences between the American classroom and the Italian
one. In America, we have a great mix of projects, movies, research papers, and
activities that help us grasp historical concepts and how they relate to one
another, to then be able to apply these processes in a different context. In
Italy, on the other hand, the teacher stands at the chalkboard, writing down dates and names, battles and treaties, while we copy down into our
notebooks to study for our interrogations. Yes, that’s right – interrogations.
In every class, one of the testing methods is an oral test either alone or in a
group of two or three. Do not get me wrong, I love my history class here,
especially because the content is interesting and the professor really knows
how to explain it very well. But I realize that in ten years, looking back, I
will not remember that in 1673 the Test Act was passed in England (what we need
to know in Italy), but I will remember that there was a lack of religious liberties
in England in the 17th century and that it impacted other events
(what we learn in the United States).
I would
really like to read your comments on this post, whether they are for or against.
Remember that discussion is the best way to learn. Wait, not learn – instead “be
educated”. There we go, now we won’t forget it, Also, happy Thanksgiving to all
– I would be very thankful if you would click on the “Follow” link on my right
sidebar so you can subscribe to my blog!